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Gambia

Republic of Gambia
West Africa•AU•Low Income
POPULATION
3M
Public Debt / GDP
67.8%
2025
External Debt / GDP
30.5%
2025
Debt Svc / Revenue
20.3%
2025
Debt Svc / Exports
34.8%
2025
Interest / Revenue
11.2%
2025

Debt Composition & Creditor Analysis

External vs Domestic Debt

External
Debt
45%
Domestic
Debt
55%

By Creditor Type

Multilateral35%
Bilateral25%
Paris Club15%
Eurobond15%
Other Priv.10%

By Instrument Type

Bonds47.1%
Loans59.7%
Other13.9%

Average Lending Terms (External)

%
5%
Interest
⏱
13yr
Maturity
⏱
6yr
Grace
No active restructuring

CAP Pillar 2: Debt Management Quality

Data Dissemination
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Debt Strategy (MTDS)
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Borrowing Plan
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Domestic Market Dev.
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Comprehensive Debt Analytics

Explore in-depth macroeconomic vulnerability, fiscal sustainability, and sovereign risk indicators for Gambia.

Vulnerability Indicator Explorer

Select an indicator to analyze Gambia's performance against international benchmarks.

67.8%
Current (2025)
-0.5 pp YoY
Above 55% target
Analysis

Gambia's public debt stands at 67.8% of GDP, exceeding the 55% prudential benchmark. This elevated ratio signals constrained fiscal space and heightened vulnerability to economic shocks. The government may face increasing difficulty financing social programs and infrastructure investment without further borrowing.

The most widely used measure of overall indebtedness relative to economic activity. It reflects the government's solvency capability and long-term fiscal space.

Net Financial Flows

Disbursements (Inflows) vs Principal & Interest Repayments (Outflows).

Net Positive Flows

In 2025, Gambia received $0.2B in disbursements while repaying $0.1B — a net inflow of $0.1B. The country is receiving more resources than it is repaying, providing additional financing for development.

Profile of Maturing Debts (2025)

Breakdown of short-term (<1 year), medium-term (1-9 years) and long-term (10+ years) debt liabilities.

Short-Term (<1 yr)
$0.3B
16.7% of total
Medium-Term (1-9 yrs)
$0.5B
27.8% of total
Long-Term (10+ yrs)
$1B
55.6% of total
Analysis

Gambia has 16.7% of its debt maturing within one year, exceeding the 15% refinancing risk threshold. This elevated short-term exposure creates significant rollover risk — the government must frequently return to capital markets to refinance, leaving it vulnerable to sudden interest rate spikes or market closure.