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Eritrea

Republic of Eritrea
East Africa•AU•Low Income
POPULATION
4M
Public Debt / GDP
18.9%
2025
External Debt / GDP
8.5%
2025
Debt Svc / Revenue
11.3%
2025
Debt Svc / Exports
4.1%
2025
Interest / Revenue
4.3%
2025

Debt Composition & Creditor Analysis

External vs Domestic Debt

External
Debt
45%
Domestic
Debt
55%

By Creditor Type

Multilateral35%
Bilateral25%
Paris Club15%
Eurobond15%
Other Priv.10%

By Instrument Type

Bonds40.2%
Loans50.7%
Other17.9%

Average Lending Terms (External)

%
2%
Interest
⏱
13yr
Maturity
⏱
5yr
Grace
No active restructuring

CAP Pillar 2: Debt Management Quality

Data Dissemination
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Debt Strategy (MTDS)
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Borrowing Plan
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Domestic Market Dev.
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Comprehensive Debt Analytics

Explore in-depth macroeconomic vulnerability, fiscal sustainability, and sovereign risk indicators for Eritrea.

Vulnerability Indicator Explorer

Select an indicator to analyze Eritrea's performance against international benchmarks.

18.9%
Current (2025)
-2.4 pp YoY
Within 55% target
Analysis

Eritrea's public debt at 18.9% of GDP is below the 55% prudential benchmark, suggesting manageable indebtedness relative to the economy. This provides fiscal space for counter-cyclical spending and public investment.

The most widely used measure of overall indebtedness relative to economic activity. It reflects the government's solvency capability and long-term fiscal space.

Net Financial Flows

Disbursements (Inflows) vs Principal & Interest Repayments (Outflows).

Net Positive Flows

In 2025, Eritrea received $0.1B in disbursements while repaying $0.0B — a net inflow of $0.1B. The country is receiving more resources than it is repaying, providing additional financing for development.

Profile of Maturing Debts (2025)

Breakdown of short-term (<1 year), medium-term (1-9 years) and long-term (10+ years) debt liabilities.

Short-Term (<1 yr)
$0.1B
14.3% of total
Medium-Term (1-9 yrs)
$0.3B
42.9% of total
Long-Term (10+ yrs)
$0.3B
42.9% of total
Analysis

With only 14.3% of debt maturing within one year, Eritrea maintains a healthy maturity profile. The predominance of medium and long-term instruments ($0.6B) reduces refinancing pressure and provides greater fiscal predictability.