Uganda

Republic of Uganda

East Africa•AU•Low Income

POPULATION

50M

Public Debt / GDP

41.1%

2025

External Debt / GDP

18.5%

2025

Debt Svc / Revenue

11.9%

2025

Debt Svc / Exports

11.4%

2025

Interest / Revenue

7.1%

2025

Debt Composition & Creditor Analysis

External vs Domestic Debt

External
Debt

45%

Domestic
Debt

55%

By Creditor Type

Multilateral35%

Bilateral25%

Paris Club15%

Eurobond15%

Other Priv.10%

By Instrument Type

Bonds41.7%

Loans44.6%

Other16.2%

Average Lending Terms (External)

Interest

⏱

7yr

Maturity

⏱

2yr

Grace

No active restructuring

CAP Pillar 2: Debt Management Quality

Data Dissemination

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Debt Strategy (MTDS)

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Borrowing Plan

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Domestic Market Dev.

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Comprehensive Debt Analytics

Explore in-depth macroeconomic vulnerability, fiscal sustainability, and sovereign risk indicators for Uganda.

Vulnerability Indicator Explorer

Select an indicator to analyze Uganda's performance against international benchmarks.

41.1%

Current (2025)

+3.0 pp YoY

Above 35% target

Analysis

Uganda's public debt stands at 41.1% of GDP, exceeding the 35% prudential benchmark. This elevated ratio signals constrained fiscal space and heightened vulnerability to economic shocks. The government may face increasing difficulty financing social programs and infrastructure investment without further borrowing.

The most widely used measure of overall indebtedness relative to economic activity. It reflects the government's solvency capability and long-term fiscal space.

Net Financial Flows

Disbursements (Inflows) vs Principal & Interest Repayments (Outflows).

Net Negative Flows

In 2025, Uganda repaid $1.6B while receiving only $1.4B in new disbursements — a net outflow of $0.2B. This means the country is transferring more resources abroad than it is receiving, which depletes reserves and constrains domestic investment capacity.

Profile of Maturing Debts (2025)

Breakdown of short-term (<1 year), medium-term (1-9 years) and long-term (10+ years) debt liabilities.

Short-Term (<1 yr)

$3.3B

12.9% of total

Medium-Term (1-9 yrs)

$11.4B

44.7% of total

Long-Term (10+ yrs)

$10.8B

42.4% of total

Analysis

With only 12.9% of debt maturing within one year, Uganda maintains a healthy maturity profile. The predominance of medium and long-term instruments ($22.2B) reduces refinancing pressure and provides greater fiscal predictability.