Zambia

Zambia's public debt stands at 109.2% of GDP, exceeding the 70% prudential benchmark. This elevated ratio signals constrained fiscal space and heightened vulnerability to economic shocks. The government may face increasing difficulty financing social programs and infrastructure investment without further borrowing.

The most widely used measure of overall indebtedness relative to economic activity. It reflects the government's solvency capability and long-term fiscal space.

In 2025, Zambia received $3.7B in disbursements while repaying $1.6B — a net inflow of $2.1B. The country is receiving more resources than it is repaying, providing additional financing for development.

With only 7.6% of debt maturing within one year, Zambia maintains a healthy maturity profile. The predominance of medium and long-term instruments ($29.2B) reduces refinancing pressure and provides greater fiscal predictability.